Some safety and performance issues with fireplaces may be fixed by relining the chimney. During yearly chimney cleaning in Hawaii, chimney liners are inspected for structural defects that can cause fires or escaping gases. If the homeowner is finding pieces of broken clay in the fireplace, or an inspection reveals cracks in the clay, or there is evidence on inspection of flue gas cooling, a new liner is in order.
If the fireplace is performing poorly, a new wood burning stove or fireplace insert can be installed. If installed into an older fireplace, a new liner is recommended. The usual clay liner is 8 by 12 inches in diameter, and the new appliances use a 6 inch diameter flue.
Clay liners can fail due to the effects of the acids in creosote, thermal shock, normal aging, and deterioration from freeze-thaw cycles. If the brick or rock chimney is in good shape, but the clay tile liner is failing, relining with a stainless steel liner is a good option.
Before a new liner is placed, masonry should be repaired and the old clay liner removed. It is critical at this point to remove all old creosote. If it's left in place, it will vent back into the living space when it burns and the new liner is in place.
Stainless steel liners should meet UL Standard 1777 and be listed on the materials. They come in both flexible and rigid forms, and they should have some type of insulation in place. They have specific terminations for top and bottom of the chimney.
New liners also can be poured into place, around a flexible rubber bladder; the cement-like material has insulation incorporated. While more expensive, the poured in place new liner is preferred for historic and heritage buildings.
Some best practices for chimney restoration are available from your chimney experts, so be sure to contact your local provider for more information.
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